Mexico boasts a vibrant festival scene. Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead), celebrated throughout the country but especially vividly in Oaxaca de Juárez, is a unique and moving experience, with elaborate altars and parades honoring deceased loved ones. It’s best experienced in early November.
Fiesta de la Virgen de Guadalupe in Morelia is a massive religious celebration honoring the Virgin of Guadalupe, featuring processions, music, and fireworks, usually in December. Morelia itself is a beautiful colonial city worth exploring.
Guelaguetza in Oaxaca de Juárez is a spectacular indigenous cultural festival showcasing traditional dances, music, and costumes from various regions of Oaxaca. It takes place in July. Be sure to book accommodations well in advance.
Fiesta Grande de Chiapa in Chiapa de Corzo is a lively and colorful festival with stunning water processions and traditional dances, held in January. Chiapa de Corzo is a charming town with a strong indigenous heritage.
Carnaval in Mazatlán is a massive pre-Lenten celebration with parades, music, dancing, and plenty of vibrant costumes. It’s a fun and energetic event that typically falls in February or March. Be prepared for large crowds.
Finally, the Festival Internacional Cervantino in Guanajuato is a renowned international arts festival featuring theatre, music, and dance performances from around the world. It happens in October and transforms Guanajuato’s historic streets into a dynamic cultural hub.
What should I be careful of when Travelling to Mexico?
Mexico offers incredible experiences, but safety is paramount. Violent crime, including armed robbery, assault, and kidnapping, is a significant concern, particularly in less-touristy areas. Carjackings are common, especially at intersections, so be extra vigilant. Avoid nighttime travel outside major cities and populated areas. Drug-related violence is prevalent in certain regions; research your destination thoroughly and avoid areas known for high crime rates. Stick to well-lit, populated streets and use reputable transportation. Register with your embassy and keep copies of important documents separate from originals. Consider travel insurance that covers medical emergencies and evacuation. Be aware of your surroundings and avoid displaying expensive jewelry or electronics. Learning basic Spanish phrases can significantly enhance your interactions with locals and potentially help in emergencies. Remember, local authorities may not always be readily available or adequately equipped to respond to emergencies, so proactive safety measures are crucial.
While most tourist areas are relatively safe, remaining aware of your surroundings and exercising caution is essential. Don’t assume that because you’re in a tourist zone, you’re immune to crime. Petty theft is also prevalent, so keep valuables secure. Tap water safety varies significantly by region; stick to bottled water to avoid potential illness. Be cautious of unsolicited help or overly friendly strangers. Familiarize yourself with local customs and laws to avoid inadvertently offending anyone.
What are some Mexican events?
Mexico boasts a vibrant and diverse calendar of events, a true feast for the senses! Let me guide you through some highlights:
- January: Epiphany (Día de Reyes) – More than just the arrival of the three wise men, it’s a celebration featuring *Rosca de Reyes*, a sweet bread concealing a hidden figurine. Finding it means you host the next *Candelaria* celebration!
- February: Candelaria (Día de la Candelaria) – A continuation of Epiphany, marked by the presentation of *tamales* – a delicious corn-based dish – in honor of the Virgin Mary. Expect vibrant celebrations across the country.
- March: Anniversary of Benito Juárez – Commemorating Mexico’s key reformer, expect patriotic displays and historical reflections.
- April: Holy Week (Semana Santa) & San Marcos Fair (Feria de San Marcos) – Holy Week sees passionate religious processions, while the San Marcos Fair in Aguascalientes is a massive fiesta, combining bullfights, music, and rides. Plan ahead, as accommodations fill quickly!
- May: Battle of Puebla (Cinco de Mayo) – Though celebrated internationally, it’s a relatively small holiday in Mexico, primarily observed in Puebla. This is less a national holiday and more a local celebration, often featuring parades and cultural performances. Don’t expect the same level of fanfare as in the US.
- June: Feast of San Juan Bautista (Fiesta de San Juan Bautista) – This celebration often features bonfires and traditional dances, representing the purification aspect of John the Baptist’s life. It’s a lively, localized event.
- July: Guelaguetza – Held in Oaxaca, this is an incredibly important event showcasing the diverse indigenous cultures of the region through music, dance, and food. It’s a true spectacle!
- August: Lagos de Moreno Fair (Feria de Lagos de Moreno) – Located in Jalisco, this is a significant regional fair offering a lively mix of local traditions, crafts, music, and of course, food!
Important Note: These are just a few examples. Each region boasts unique festivals and events throughout the year. Research specific areas you’re visiting for a truly immersive experience.
What events do they have in Mexico?
Mexico boasts a vibrant calendar of events throughout the year. January and February kick off with the boisterous celebrations of New Year’s Day and Día de los Reyes Magos (Three Kings’ Day), a children’s festival marking the arrival of the Wise Men. Spring arrives with the Spring Equinox, often celebrated with ancient rituals at Teotihuacan pyramids, followed by the religious observance of Easter.
Summer brings exciting events like the Puerto Escondido Challenge, a thrilling surf competition, and the Guelaguetza, a spectacular cultural festival in Oaxaca showcasing traditional dances and music. August and September see the Feria de Huamantla, a colorful regional fair, culminating in Mexico’s vibrant Independence Day celebrations on September 16th – a national spectacle featuring parades, fireworks, and historical reenactments. Don’t miss the opportunity to witness the patriotic fervor firsthand.
Autumn offers the renowned Cervantino Festival in Guanajuato, a world-class performing arts event. Then, November welcomes the trendy Corona Capital Festival, a large-scale music festival attracting international acts. Finally, December is a magical time, marked by the enchanting Posadas, traditional Christmas processions recreating Mary and Joseph’s journey to Bethlehem. These nightly events, often accompanied by festive songs and piñatas, offer a unique glimpse into Mexican Christmas traditions. Each event offers a distinctive cultural experience, making Mexico a year-round destination for adventurous travelers seeking unique celebrations.
What is the most visited in Mexico?
Mexico City, of course, reigns supreme, a whirlwind of ancient history and modern dynamism. But beyond the capital, two distinct experiences clamor for attention. Cancun and its Riviera Maya neighbors offer a quintessential Caribbean escape: turquoise waters, white sand beaches, and vibrant nightlife. Acapulco, a classic, retains its old-school glamour, though it’s evolved beyond its swinging sixties image. However, don’t overlook Guadalajara. This vibrant city, the heart of Jalisco, pulses with a different energy. Forget the beach; Guadalajara is a cultural immersion. Its historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a captivating labyrinth of colonial architecture. Tequila, the national spirit, originates nearby – a must-do day trip for any serious traveler. The city itself boasts a wealth of museums showcasing everything from pre-Hispanic artifacts to contemporary Mexican art. Its culinary scene is equally compelling – think authentic birria tacos and delicious street food. For a truly diverse Mexican experience, Guadalajara is an essential stop, offering a compelling counterpoint to the country’s more obvious beach attractions.
What do tourists typically do when visiting Mexico?
Mexico offers a diverse range of experiences for tourists. Beyond the popular hotspots, exploring the country reveals a rich tapestry of culture and nature. While iconic sites like Chichen Itza (a Mayan marvel showcasing impressive architecture and history), Xcaret (a vibrant eco-archaeological park perfect for families), and the Museo Nacional de Antropologia (housing a world-renowned collection of pre-Columbian artifacts) are must-sees, don’t overlook hidden gems. The Rio Secreto cave system provides a breathtaking subterranean adventure, while the Malecón Boardwalk in cities like Puerto Vallarta offers a vibrant atmosphere with stunning ocean views. Tulum, with its dramatic cliffside Mayan ruins overlooking turquoise waters, is equally enchanting. Chapultepec Castle, nestled in a lush park in Mexico City, offers a glimpse into Mexican history and stunning city panoramas. For a more secluded experience, Isla Pasion offers tranquility and escape. Consider venturing beyond the well-trodden paths to discover less-visited areas, perhaps exploring the colonial towns of San Miguel de Allende or Guanajuato, known for their beautiful architecture and vibrant arts scenes, or experiencing the unique cuisine and culture of Oaxaca. Remember to factor in travel time between destinations, particularly given the vast geographical expanse of the country. Pre-booking accommodations and tours, especially during peak season, is highly recommended.
What are some special occasions in Mexico?
Mexico boasts a vibrant calendar of special occasions, far beyond the usual tourist highlights. Let’s delve into some truly unique experiences:
- Día de los Tres Reyes (Three Kings Day, January 6th): Not just about presents! This Epiphany celebration involves *Rosca de Reyes*, a sweet bread hiding a tiny baby Jesus figurine. Whoever finds it hosts a *tamal* party on Candlemas.
- Día de San Antonio Abad (Feast of St. Anthony the Great, January 17th): A lively, often rural, celebration featuring bonfires and traditional dances, honoring the patron saint of animals.
- Día de la Candelaria (Candlemas, February 2nd): The culmination of the Three Kings Day tradition. Expect a flurry of *tamal* feasts as those who found the baby Jesus in their *Rosca de Reyes* fulfill their obligation.
- Carnavales (Carnivals, dates vary): A riot of color, music, and elaborate parades, varying wildly by region. Mazatlan and Veracruz are particularly renowned for their spectacular celebrations.
- Feria Nacional de San Marcos (National San Marcos Fair, April-May): A massive fair in Aguascalientes, featuring bullfights, charreadas (Mexican rodeo), and thrilling rides. A fantastic cultural immersion.
- Cinco de Mayo (Fifth of May, May 5th): While celebrated in the US, it’s a smaller, more localized celebration in Mexico, primarily commemorating a specific battle, not Mexican independence.
- Guelaguetza (Offering, July): A breathtaking spectacle in Oaxaca, showcasing traditional dances and costumes from the region’s diverse indigenous communities. A true cultural treasure.
- Día de la Independencia (Independence Day, September 16th): A national holiday filled with parades, fireworks, and vibrant festivities commemorating Mexico’s independence from Spain. Expect large crowds and a palpable sense of national pride.
Which festival is the most famous?
Diwali, arguably India’s most famous festival, is a spectacular event celebrating the return of Lord Rama after 14 years of exile. It’s a vibrant five-day festival brimming with cultural significance. Each day holds unique legends; for instance, one celebrates Lord Krishna’s victory over the demon Narakasur, while another marks the birthday of Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of prosperity and wealth.
Expect dazzling firework displays illuminating the night sky, adding to the magical atmosphere. Homes and streets are adorned with elaborate rangoli (colourful patterns made of coloured powder or flower petals), diyas (clay lamps), and vibrant decorations. The sweet aroma of traditional sweets and savory snacks fills the air, a true sensory delight. Be prepared for large crowds, particularly on the main festival days, and the potential for traffic congestion. Remember to dress respectfully, and engage respectfully with local customs and traditions for an enriching experience. The festival’s dates vary according to the Hindu lunar calendar, so check the specific dates before your trip to avoid disappointment. It’s a deeply spiritual and joyful occasion, and experiencing it firsthand is truly unforgettable.
What are the 3 most celebrated holidays in Mexico?
Forget lounging on the beach; Mexico’s vibrant holidays offer incredible adventure opportunities! Here are 5, not 3, must-experience festivals:
- Día de Muertos (Day of the Dead): Explore breathtaking ofrendas (altars) across the country, especially in Oaxaca and Michoacán. Expect vibrant parades, unique traditions, and a chance to witness a truly moving cultural experience. Pack comfortable shoes for walking – you’ll be doing a lot of it!
- Independence Day (El Grito): Witness the thrilling Grito celebrations nationwide, culminating in spectacular firework displays. This is a great opportunity for hiking to vantage points for stunning views of the festivities. Be prepared for large crowds.
- Carnivals of Mexico: Each region boasts unique carnival celebrations. Mazatlan’s carnival is known for its massive parades and lively atmosphere, while Veracruz offers a more traditional feel. This is a chance to experience the pulse of Mexican culture while enjoying vibrant street performances. Consider learning some basic Spanish phrases for better interaction.
- Day of the Virgin of Guadalupe: Millions flock to the Basilica of Guadalupe in Mexico City. While the religious significance is profound, the sheer scale of the event is an adventure in itself. Plan your visit well in advance and prepare for massive crowds and potential transportation challenges. Use public transport if possible to avoid parking difficulties.
- Día de la Candelaria (Candlemas Day): While less overtly adventurous than the others, this holiday offers opportunities for exploring local markets and enjoying traditional foods. The celebration varies regionally; research your destination beforehand to make the most of it. It is a good chance to discover smaller towns and villages away from the main tourist trails.
What activities are done in Mexico?
Mexico offers a diverse range of activities. Beyond the typical tourist spots, there’s much to explore.
- Chichén Itzá: A Mayan archaeological site showcasing impressive architecture, including the iconic pyramid El Castillo. Consider visiting early morning or late afternoon to avoid the midday heat and crowds. Remember to bring sunscreen and water.
- Frida Kahlo Museum (Casa Azul): Explore the vibrant life and art of this iconic Mexican painter in her beautifully preserved home in Coyoacán. Booking tickets online in advance is highly recommended.
- Teotihuacán: Climb the pyramids of the Sun and Moon at this ancient city, experiencing the grandeur of a pre-Columbian civilization. Be prepared for a lot of walking and the altitude.
- Xcaret Park: An eco-archaeological park offering a blend of nature, culture, and entertainment. It’s a great option for families, but can get crowded. Explore the underground rivers and enjoy the evening show.
- Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve: Discover diverse ecosystems, including lagoons, mangroves, and reefs, ideal for birdwatching and exploring the natural beauty of the Yucatan Peninsula. Boat tours are the best way to navigate this area.
- Coco Bongo, Cancún: A high-energy nightclub offering acrobatic shows and a lively atmosphere, perfect for an unforgettable night out. Be aware it can be expensive.
- Xplor Park: Another adventure park offering zip lines, amphibious vehicles, and underground rivers. This is a great option for adrenaline junkies. Purchase tickets well in advance.
- Cancún International Airport (CUN): The main gateway to the Yucatan Peninsula. While not an activity in itself, it’s essential to plan your arrival and departure logistics efficiently.
Beyond these highlights: Consider exploring smaller towns, trying authentic Mexican cuisine, and learning a few basic Spanish phrases to enhance your experience. Remember to respect local customs and traditions.
What is the triple best festival?
Saga Dawa, or the Triple Blessed Festival, is a significant month-long celebration for Buddhists in Sikkim, coinciding with Buddha Purnima elsewhere in India. It’s a time of heightened spiritual activity, with prayers and ceremonies taking place in monasteries across the region. The main event falls on the full moon of the fourth month in the Tibetan calendar, marking the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha – three pivotal moments in Buddhist history. This makes it a particularly auspicious time for pilgrimage and reflection. Expect vibrant ceremonies, masked dances, and a palpable sense of devotion. The best way to experience it is to visit a monastery, ideally one known for its particularly elaborate Saga Dawa celebrations. Research beforehand to find out which monasteries are hosting special events and plan your trip accordingly, as accommodation can fill up quickly. Remember to dress respectfully and be mindful of local customs.
Why is September 16 important in Mexico?
September 16th in Mexico is a huge deal – it’s Mexican Independence Day, or El Grito de Dolores (“The Cry of Dolores”). This isn’t just another holiday; it’s a deeply ingrained national celebration commemorating a pivotal moment in Mexican history.
It all started on September 16, 1810, when Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest, issued the famous “Grito” – a call to arms against Spanish colonial rule. This courageous act ignited the Mexican War of Independence, a long and arduous struggle for freedom. While the war itself lasted for over a decade, September 16th marks the symbolic beginning of Mexico’s journey to self-governance.
What makes this day so special for Mexicans?
- A powerful symbol of national identity: The Grito represents the unwavering spirit of the Mexican people and their fight for self-determination.
- A vibrant cultural experience: Celebrations across the country are vibrant and unforgettable, often involving parades, traditional dances (like the danza de los chinelos), delicious food, and, of course, plenty of festive music. Think mariachi bands, fireworks, and a joyful atmosphere that’s truly infectious.
- The reenactment of El Grito: The most iconic event is the reenactment of Hidalgo’s call to arms, where the president rings a bell and shouts “¡Viva México!” (“Long live Mexico!”), followed by the crowds echoing the phrase with fervor.
Planning a trip? Here are a few things to consider:
- Where to celebrate: Mexico City offers a spectacular central celebration, but smaller towns and villages often have equally captivating, more intimate festivities.
- Crowds: Expect large crowds, especially in major cities. Plan your travel and accommodation well in advance.
- Book accommodation early: Hotels and other accommodations fill up quickly as this is a national holiday.
Experiencing Mexican Independence Day is truly a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to witness the passion and pride of a nation celebrating its heritage. It’s more than just a date on a calendar; it’s a profound cultural immersion.
What are the big three festivals?
While the Venice Film Festival boasts the title of the world’s oldest, the true titans of cinema are its “Big Three” successors: Venice, Cannes, and Berlin. These festivals aren’t just about premieres; they’re cultural pilgrimages. Venice, steeped in history and glamour, unfolds on the shimmering lagoon, offering a unique atmosphere alongside its prestigious competition. Navigating the canals between screenings is half the fun! Cannes, on the French Riviera, is synonymous with glitz and global recognition, its red carpet a magnet for A-listers and paparazzi alike. Expect dazzling premieres, lavish parties, and a palpable buzz of excitement. Securing a ticket, however, is notoriously difficult. Finally, Berlin, known for its bold programming and focus on arthouse cinema, provides a distinct counterpoint to the more glamorous events. It’s a city brimming with history and culture, perfectly complementing the festival’s intellectual bent. Exploring the city between screenings will reward you with unique experiences. Each festival, while sharing a common goal of celebrating cinematic excellence, offers a distinctive flavour and experience for the discerning cinephile.
What is the top 1 biggest festival in the world?
Determining the single “biggest” festival globally is tricky, as “biggest” can refer to attendance, economic impact, or cultural significance. However, Rio Carnival consistently ranks highly across all three. Its sheer scale is breathtaking – millions participate and watch, transforming Rio de Janeiro into a kaleidoscope of colour, sound, and energy. The Sambadromes, purpose-built parade avenues, host competing samba schools, each presenting elaborate floats and costumes, the culmination of months of painstaking preparation. This isn’t just a party; it’s a highly competitive spectacle with intricate choreography and storytelling weaved into each performance.
Beyond the main parades, the Carnival spirit permeates the city. Street parties, known as blocos, erupt spontaneously across various neighborhoods, providing a more intimate and less structured, yet equally electrifying experience. These blocos range from small, local gatherings to massive street parades drawing hundreds of thousands. Planning ahead is crucial, especially for accommodation, as prices surge significantly. Consider booking flights and lodgings months in advance to secure the best deals and avoid disappointment. Also, be prepared for large crowds and intense heat; staying hydrated is paramount.
While the official Carnival celebrations last only a few days, the festive atmosphere often lingers for weeks before and after, offering a prolonged opportunity to experience the vibrant Brazilian culture. Beyond the revelry, consider exploring Rio’s other attractions, like Christ the Redeemer, Sugarloaf Mountain, and the stunning beaches of Ipanema and Copacabana. The combination of the Carnival’s electrifying energy and Rio’s stunning natural beauty makes it a truly unforgettable travel experience, even for seasoned travelers.
What is Mexico most famous for?
Mexico: Beyond the Postcard
Mexico’s fame is well-deserved, but it’s more than just a catchy tagline. It’s a tapestry woven from ancient history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking landscapes. Forget the typical tourist traps; let’s delve deeper.
Ancient Wonders: The Mayan ruins are undeniably iconic, Chichen Itza being a must-see, but don’t overlook lesser-known sites like Palenque, boasting incredible jungle settings and intricate architecture. Consider a guided tour focusing on specific aspects of Mayan life—their astronomy, their societal structure, or their artistic achievements. Book in advance, especially during peak season.
Beyond the Beaches: While the beaches are stunning, from the turquoise waters of Cancun to the Pacific coast’s dramatic cliffs, explore beyond the resorts. Discover hidden coves, explore marine reserves (check for sustainable tourism certifications), and consider activities like surfing, snorkeling, or scuba diving. The underwater world is just as vibrant as the land.
Culinary Delights: Mexican food is more than tacos and burritos. It’s a regional explosion of flavors. Explore the diverse cuisines of Oaxaca, known for its moles; Yucatan, with its cochinita pibil; and Puebla, famous for its chiles en nogada. Take a cooking class to learn the secrets of authentic Mexican dishes, or simply wander through local markets and sample street food – always prioritize vendors with high turnover.
Cultural Immersion: Beyond the ruins and resorts lies a rich cultural fabric. Attend a traditional dance performance, visit local artisan workshops (support fair trade!), and explore the bustling markets. Learn some basic Spanish phrases – it will significantly enhance your experience.
- Pro-Tip 1: Travel during the shoulder seasons (spring and fall) for pleasant weather and fewer crowds.
- Pro-Tip 2: Learn a few basic Spanish phrases – it will significantly enhance your experience and show respect for the local culture.
- Pro-Tip 3: Utilize public transportation where possible – it’s an affordable and authentic way to experience the country.
Planning your trip:
- Decide on your interests – adventure, history, culture, relaxation?
- Research specific destinations based on your interests.
- Book flights and accommodation in advance, particularly if traveling during peak season.
- Plan your itinerary, allowing for flexibility.
- Pack appropriately for the climate and activities you’ll be undertaking.
Mexico offers an unparalleled blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Plan well and prepare to be amazed.
What is the king of festival?
Ridván, the “King of Festivals” in the Baháʼí faith, is a truly unique experience. It commemorates Baháʼuʼlláh’s twelve-day stay in the Garden of Ridván in Baghdad. Imagine this: after being exiled from Baghdad by the Ottoman Empire, He found refuge in this beautiful garden before his journey to Constantinople. This wasn’t just a stop; it was a pivotal moment, brimming with spiritual significance. The garden itself is a historical landmark – a must-see for any history buff exploring the region!
Why is it the “King of Festivals?” It marks the announcement of Baháʼuʼlláh’s prophetic mission, a turning point in Baháʼí history. This makes it the most important festival in the Baháʼí calendar.
Practical Information for the Adventurous Traveler:
- Timing: Ridván lasts 12 days and is celebrated annually. Check the Baháʼí calendar for exact dates.
- Location: While the original Garden of Ridván is in Baghdad, Baháʼís worldwide celebrate this festival in their local communities. Look for local Baháʼí centers or gatherings.
- Activities: Expect readings from Baháʼuʼlláh’s writings, devotional prayers, and fellowship. The atmosphere is usually peaceful and welcoming.
- Cultural Immersion: Participating in Ridván offers a fascinating glimpse into Baháʼí culture and its emphasis on unity, peace, and global interconnectedness. This makes it a culturally enriching experience for any traveller.
Beyond the Festival:
- Baghdad itself offers incredible historical and cultural sights. Plan your trip to include explorations of its ancient markets, mosques, and museums – a true adventure for history lovers!
- Consider extending your travels to explore other significant sites related to the Baháʼí Faith. This faith has a truly global presence and exploring its places of significance can be very rewarding.
What is the number 1 tourist attraction in Mexico?
For the adventurous traveler, Mexico offers a diverse range of thrilling experiences beyond the typical tourist hotspots. While Chichen Itza (64,938 views) undeniably holds historical significance, I’d prioritize experiences that get the adrenaline pumping.
Rio Secreto Nature Reserve (1,842 views) offers incredible underground cave exploration, perfect for those who love spelunking and discovering hidden wonders. Remember to book well in advance as it’s a popular, albeit less-visited, option.
Teotihuacan (35,696 views): Climbing the pyramids of the sun and moon is a physically demanding but rewarding experience. The sheer scale of the site is breathtaking and the hike itself is a fantastic workout. Consider visiting early in the morning to beat the heat and crowds.
Tulum (28,145 views): While popular for its beaches, Tulum offers amazing opportunities for adventurous activities like snorkeling and scuba diving in the cenotes. Explore the Mayan ruins perched dramatically on the cliffs overlooking the turquoise Caribbean waters. Consider renting bikes to explore the area efficiently.
Beyond the list:
- Copper Canyon: This vast canyon system, larger than the Grand Canyon, offers incredible hiking and trekking opportunities, with options ranging from challenging multi-day treks to shorter, more manageable trails. Expect stunning views and a chance to experience the unique Tarahumara culture.
- Izta-Popo National Park: For serious mountaineers, tackling Iztaccíhuatl or Popocatépetl volcanoes provides an unforgettable challenge. However, ensure you have the proper experience, equipment, and permits before attempting this demanding climb.
- Sumidero Canyon: A boat trip through this awe-inspiring canyon is a must. The sheer scale of the cliffs and the diverse wildlife make it a truly unforgettable experience.